Gatsby vs. Richard Cory

The saying â€Å"do not judge a book by its cover† is true because appearances can often be deceiving. A person can easily act calm, cool, and collected, but in reality feel like their world is falling apart. In both the poem â€Å"Richard Cory† and the book The Great Gatsby, Richard Cory and Gatsby both appear to be well put together gentlemen with an ideal lifestyle. However taking a look below the surface it’s easy to see that this is only a clever facade to mask their true feelings. In both works irony is the main literary element which proves that appearances can be deceiving. Gatsby lived a luxurious lifestyle and his parties were the envy of everyone. People who didn’t even know him would make desperate attempts to receive an invitation to these extravagant parties. However what no one knew was the reason behind the festivities. Gatsby’s true purpose in life was to win the love of Daisy. He worked hard to attain his wealth through corrupt practices and eventually received a status worthy of recognition. After finally realizing all of this still wasn’t enough it was inevitable for him to die like his dream. Gatsby had to die because he had no reason left to live. It is ironic that this man who had achieved so much so quickly had no purpose left in life. Richard Cory’s story is similar to that of Gatsby. He was a high society man and the envy of many of the townspeople. He is characterized in a way that makes him appear to be almost god-like. He â€Å"glittered when he walked† and yet when he spoke he seemed humble and genuine. He was â€Å"richer than a king† and â€Å"schooled in every grace. † He was the man everyone knew and wished they could be. The way he presented himself to the town was obviously quite different from his true feelings because his fate was sealed after he put a gun to his head and pulled the trigger. It is ironic that the man everyone wanted to be was unhappy enough to commit suicide. He presented himself in such a manner that o one would have even suspected the depression he was masking so well. A facade is hard to spot because a person can so easily hide their true feelings. Gatsby and Richard Cory both appeared to have it all: wealth, a good reputation, and the admiration of many. They were both incredibly flawed men beneath the surface however. Gatsby had one dream in life and when he realized it was a dream that could never become a reality he had noting left to live for. Richard Cory, although we don’t know exactly what, faced a severe problem in his life that caused him such distress that he felt the only way to end his problem was to end his life. Although we may think we know a person we could be completely wrong. They could even be experiencing emotions no one could possibly know or understand.

Apple and Increasing Market Share

Apple Inc. is a successful developer of both computers and consumer electronics. The company’s most popular products include Macintosh computers, iPod mp3 players, iPhone smartphones and most recently the iPad, which is a hybrid of a tablet computer, and an eReader. Apple’s Macintosh computers, iPods, iPhones, and iPads all share characteristics that make them part of the general information technology industry. However, since they are very different products each belongs to a more specific industry. The Macintosh computers are included in the personal computer industry, iPods in the personal media player category and, depending on the model, the mobile internet device (MID) market and iPhones to the smartphone and MID industry. The iPad has not been released to the general public yet, but considering its various features it could belong to many markets. However, it will most likely be competing with the internet tablets, netbooks, and eReaders. Considering their competitors, one could surmise that the iPad will belong to both PC and eReader markets. By incorporating market assessment and predictions for each of Apple’s products, as well as consumer research into the promotional strategy, Apple will be able to improve its product sales 10% over 2011. Macintosh computers are Apple’s oldest product category. Their price point is significantly higher than Windows based PCs. This knowledge, combined with Apple’s popular Mac vs. PC television ads, can tell us a little bit about Apple’s target consumer. In the Mac vs. PC ads, Mac is represented by a young, trendy individual while PC is represented by a middle-aged nerd. This depiction of Mac, coupled with its higher prices (the cheapest Mac sells for $999), tells us that Mac is trying to attract younger individuals, within the 18-24, 25-34 and 35-44 age bracket with a higher-than-average income of the $50,000-$79,000 bracket and above. Due to the higher price point, Apple is targeting college graduates, because they tend to make more money. In the famous Mac vs. PC ads, Mac is portrayed by a male actor indicating that the company’s target market may be slightly more aimed at males than females (Get a Mac – Watch the TV Ads). Maintaining the current target market appears to be a wise strategy since reducing prices now in order to attract less affluent consumers could risk Apple’s image as a status symbol and its brand equity, especially when one considers a recent study of Apple consumer psychographics in which Mac users were considered to be less modest and more assured of their self superiority than the general population. I would recommend, however, that the Macintosh not entirely dismiss the female audience or older consumers. Older consumers tend to have more disposable income than the younger consumer. Therefore, with the brand’s higher price point, it would make sense to include the 45+ consumers in promotional strategy as well (Fried). As part of the personal computer industry, Macs are subject to several trends occurring within the industry. First, industrial design is becoming much more important in the minds of consumers than technological features. Consumers want computers that are more portable and can handle work and school requirements. Lower-priced mini-notebooks are becoming increasingly popular with consumers. It should be noted that the according to Gartner, ‘mini-notebooks were the only growing PC segment in 2009. ’ In another recent study by Gartner, it was predicted that by 2014 in a mature market, design would be the primary reason 20% of consumers will decide to purchase a new computer. However, computer firms should consider not only the outward design of the machine. Consumers also want user-friendly systems that work well with their other electronic devices. The second factor impacting the personal computer market is increased concentration on targeting even younger consumers. The main features expected to entice these youths are touchscreens and cheap mini-notebooks. Gartner has predicted that ‘by 2015, more than 50% of PCs sold to users under the age of 15 will have touchscreens. ’ Similarly the research company predicted that 20% of mini-notebooks would be sold to consumers 12 years of age and younger by 2012. It is also predicted that mini-notebook sales to children will be the quickest growing segment among PCs (Kitagawa). Considering this information there are many routes Apple can take to increase their market share in the personal computer industry. First, for consumers who want cheaper options, portability, and great design, Apple should use this as an opportunity to position the iPad as an alternative to the mini-notebook. The $499 device is capable of running Apple’s version Microsoft Office, iWorks, and in the future the iPad application store may include Microsoft Office apps. The device basically allows consumers to do more or less the same things as a mini-notebook but has the sleeker design and more user friendly interface that consumers are demanding. An alternative to this would be for Apple to design a mini-notebook version of the Macintosh since at present, the closest thing Apple has to compete with this product is the Apple Air, which while it does weigh less than most computers on the market, the product is still very wide in comparison to the standard mini-notebook (IPad – See the Web, Email, and Photos like Never Before). If Mac wants to continue to compete against its Windows counterparts, Dell, Toshiba, HP and Asus, the company needs to be prepared to compete in the mini-notebook arena. Apple could do this by positioning the iPad as a mini-notebook in consumers’ minds or by creating a new product, a Macintosh mini-notebook (Kitagawa). A second route Apple could take to improve its sales involves the trend of multi-touch surface computers becoming increasingly important in targeting younger personal computer users. Gartner noted that due to this trend, new markets will be developed for lower cost, with touchscreen computers targeted toward younger users. Apple could define this market with its iPad, or a version of the iPad. Especially since younger users have an easier time using touch screens that are horizontal (like the iPad) than vertical screens (like a netbook). It is important that Apple work on defining this market now, because the new Windows 7 operating system is fully equipped to allow PCs, Mac’s biggest competitors, to enter the portable touch-screen PC market (Kitagawa). To solidify the best strategy in increasing sales in the personal computer industry, Apple should conduct research surveys to determine if an Apple mini-notebook is something consumers would be interested in, and if given the choice at the same price (currently $499), would they prefer an Apple netbook to an Apple iPad? This would enable Apple to determine whether or not a new product needs to be created to compete in the mini-notebook market. In addition, since design is becoming increasingly important in the computer industry, Apple should seek consumer feedback concerning ways Macs could improve their current designs. To effectively promote the iPad as a netbook, Apple can take several avenues. First, because the iPad could be easily adapted by children, Apple could greatly bolster its iPad sales by developing educational software for the device and targeting elementary schools with sales promotions and direct marketing emphasizing the product’s educational benefits. To employ this strategy, Apple should send direct mail to public schools and include discounts on iPads based on the schools economic need. Marketing the iPad as computer for children via direct marketing and not the mass media will also help avoid associating the iPad solely as a children’s computer. Apple’s iPad has already done a great job of utilizing public relations to create a buzz about the product. In fact, the product won’t be released until April, 2010 but the United States government is already worried that its popularity will slow down the internet as new iPad users access the internet (Bellaria). To market the product as a netbook, Apple should consider emphasizing the attachable keyboard that would allow the product to be better positioned as mini-notebook (IPad). The best way to do this would be to put ads on the big four broadcast networks, ABC, CBS, FOX and NBC. Apple targets a wide range of consumers and advertising on these networks prior to the product’s release would reach a wide range of the target market. As far as marketing Macintosh computers, Apple should keep the current Mac versus PC ads, but incorporate female versions of the ads to entice more females to switch from PC to Mac. Finally, because the older consumer is a great potential market, Apple should include advertising in news magazines, a medium popular with older adults (Newsmagazine Demographics: A Graying Market). Since many older consumers are apprehensive about technology, the ads should emphasize Macintosh computers’ ease of use and small learning curve. Currently the Apple iPod personal media player offers lower price points and has garnered a market share of around 70%, exceeding all mp3 players for several years. The iPod is to mp3 players what the Sony Walkman was to tape players (Elmer-DeWitt). For this reason, Apple’s target demographic is definitely broader for iPod than its Macintosh brand, partly because of the mix of low and high prices of iPods ranging from the $59 iPod Shuffle to the high-end $399 iPod Touch. Apple still focuses its attention on younger consumers for the simple reason that this age bracket is more comfortable with technology. The iPod targets age brackets from the 12-17 range to the 35-44 age range. Males are typically more tech savvy so they make up a slightly higher percentage of the gender demographic. Since the iPod is a cheaper product, household incomes, with the exception of the $15,000 and below bracket are potential consumers. High school students are another great market for the iPod so those with some high school education and beyond are also targeted by Apple. As for psychographics, the consumer base for the iPod is so broad it would be hard to narrow down consumer similarities to anything more than a love of music (Play Music and More on IPod). The portable mp3 industry is reaching its penetration point and sales are starting to stabilize (Elmer-Dewitt). Portable media players like the mp3 are also following a more connected trend. This means more and more devices, such as the iPod touch are allowing users to access the internet through Wi-Fi networks. Because the iPod is doing so well and has such a loyal brand following, all Apple needs to do is continue to invest just enough in R&D to stay with the competition (Baker). The iPod has reached the maturity age as sales have stabilized in this area. It is time for Apple to start thinking about cutting costs in this department and milking the brand by reducing costs to increase profit margins (Aaker). The iPod can employ a flighting schedule, going on flight hiatus until before and during the peak holiday period to cut costs. iPod only needs to maintain its image as the mp3 player to have. This can be done by continuing some television advertising to general audiences on the 4 major broadcasting networks as well as channels popular with youth, like MTV and the Disney Channel, in which new music is promoted along with the Apple device, thus linking the iPod with youth. Also, since online advertising is extremely effective with younger consumers, commercial banners on youth oriented sites such as MTV. com or Hulu. com will continue to keep the iPod positioned as the definitive music player for the 12-17 and 18-24 year old consumers. Sales promotions allowing consumers to get a discount on a new iPod if they turn in their old model could also be effective for the product. This would also maintain brand loyalty and create a unique selling proposition among mp3 players. The iPhone is very similar to the iPod, especially the iPod touch, in that it can play music and video, (and like the iPod touch, access the internet); however, the device also acts as a cell phone. Over the course of the first quarter for 2010, Apple sold 8. 7 million iPhones, a 100 percent growth in sales from 2009’s first quarter. (Reports First Quarter Results) However, in the smartphone industry, Blackberry still leads the market and Google’s Android has gained a 4% increase in market share. Currently, these smartphones are Apple’s biggest threat. The iPhone has only gained a . 04% market share (Turner). The problem iPhone is likely facing here is the demographics the product is targeting and attracting. The average buyer of the iPhone is almost evenly split among the 15-24, 25-34 and 35-49 age brackets (31, 32 and 31 percent, respectively). 74 percent of iPhone consumers are males and 58% have graduated college. Finally, the average household income of the iPhone is $75,600, so the target consumer likely falls into either the $50,000 to $79,000 or $80,000 to $94,000 household income range. The psychographics of the Apple iPod are the same as those of Mac users because both products, iPhones and Macs, are considered status symbols (White). In the case of the iPhone, Apple needs to work on targeting older users. Only 6% of iPhone users are above the age of 50; however, these consumers have more money to spend. Also, because of the intuitive touch interface, the ease of use of the iPhone could be a strong selling proposition for older consumers without much technological experience. Apple should continue researching ways to improve the ease of use of its product since as the smartphone industry progresses, large screens and touch interfaces are becoming commonplace. Improved usability, longer battery life, and network optimization is where smartphone will be competing in the future (Baker). To improve the user experience of the iPhone, Apple should conduct ethnographic research on current iPhone users. These studies could uncover user frustrations concerning the iPhone experience and focus on the features consumers currently like about the product. This will help Apple improve the user experience even more and enable the company to more effectively market the device to a wider range of less technologically inclined users. Apple could also include an ‘easy interface’ application specifically designed for the older consumer (Aaker). Like the promotional strategy discussed for Macintosh computers, Apple should take out ads in news magazines like Time and Newsweek ,which are targeted to an older demographic, in order to promote the iPhone’s ease of use and possibly the new ‘easy interface’ application to more senior consumers. In regards to the newest Apple iPad, this product has a lot of potential to increase Apple’s sales over the next year. It has already been discussed how the product could increase sales by positioning itself as a competitor in the netbook and touch PC market. In addition, the device can also be positioned as competitor in the eReader market. Gartner recently suggested that the eReader industry would great potential if some current issues were resolved. The first issue is that the eReader industry has not agreed on a proprietary file format for eBooks. This means that currently, there is not a standard book file format that can be transferred from one eReader to another (Baker). However, Apple has enjoyed much success with its iTunes and Application stores for its iPhone and iPod devices. Apple can leverage it online media store competencies to really make the iBookstore a success. If the iBookstore can be as successful as iTunes, not only will this increase eBook sales for Apple, it will also be good for the industry as a whole as it may provide eBook readers with a common file format (Aacker). The Apple company needs to be cautious and strategic however since Barnes and Noble, the owner of one of Apple’s eReader competitors, The Nook, has announced plans to create its own free online bookstore application for the iPad (Hamblen). Another element that has been afflicting the eReader industry is the price relative to the benefit. The Amazon Kindle’s cheapest version sells for $259 (Kindle Wireless Reading Device) and Barnes and Noble’s Nook sells for the same price (Nook, EBook Reader, EReader). The Sony Reader has a pocket version of its reader, set at a price of $199 (Sony – Reader Pocket Edition). These prices are currently considered to be too high for most consumers considering the only function of the eReader is to allow consumers to read. The cheapest version of the iPad is to sell at $499. Even though this is almost twice as high as the Kindle, Nook, and Sony Reader, the iPad offers many more benefits, such as video and audio playback, and access to the internet (IPad). Consumers are therefore more likely to forgive the relatively higher price of the iPad since it offers so many more benefits (Baker). The iPad should continue its mass media commercials on the major networks and work to emphasize its iBookstore in commercials in order to edge out the Barnes and Noble reader application being designed to compete with the iBookstore. Historically, new Apple products are much sought after and are considered status symbols. Because of this, the iPad will be targeted to higher household incomes, primarily the $50,000 to $79,000 and $80,000 to $94,000 brackets. Like other Apple products, the target market will likely lean more toward the male audience and include primarily college raduates. The age range will also likely be 18-24, 25-34, and 35-44 as older consumers typically avoid newer technologies. To generalize all Apple products and their promotional strategies, CEO Steve Jobs does an excellent job of using PR to introduce Apple products and create a buzz for them. However, after the initial buzz wears off, so does the PR. One way Apple could keep its name in the news is by creating a charitable organization, such as an after school technology learning program for inner city high school students, incorporating Mac products into that organization. Overall, Apple is in a very good position to increase its sales over 2011. Consumers are embracing technology, especially mobile media technology. More and more people are watching videos online and embracing smartphone technology (Bhatia). Apple should continue to emphasize the user-friendliness and great design of its products to the young, old, and everyone in between. If Apple does this, in addition to the many promotional strategies outlined above, a 10% increase in sales over 2011 will be very probable and Apple will have a lot of potential for future growth as well.

River Woods Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

River Woods Case - Assignment Example Once a horizontal powerbase is established, the employees will feel more inclined to work as a team and less inclined to go directly to the CEO, as would occur in a vertical power base. In order to assist in establishing a horizontal structure as quickly as possible, I plan to be a flexible and visible as I can, while setting clear expectations that all employees buy into and feel empowered by. In terms of weekly meetings, each employee needs to understand their role and what’s expected and single person has all of determinants or information. Clear communication channels will be established which include my office as the first stop for any new ideas or if employees are having problems. I plan to become more relevant to my employees by increasing the amount on which I rely on the concept of centrality or in other words, my network. As part of this strategy, I will be ad I will encourage my employees to display certificates for courses they completed and I will begin to show them my close relationship with the CEO to establish trustworthiness by demonstrating that I am indeed, close to the powerbase. This should help ease the problems and drive productivity up as everyone will feel more confident. The short answer is that the key to getting my management team on board with me is trickle up leadership and in order to â€Å"lead up†, it is time for me to speak up. My team needs to be refocused and the artificial constraints and excuses for the rise in customer complaints needs to be ended by renewing their dedication to the specialized role that them and their units play in this special company. I must act assertively to neutralize those individuals in my company who are having a toxic effect by being late or having attendance issues. This is an opportunity for employees to have input and take the lead in solving the issues and I will certainly be open and encouraging of any viable solutions

What Happened to the Mayan's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What Happened to the Mayan's - Essay Example Maya civilization reached its civilization peak around 750 A.D. After two hundred years, Maya civilization disappeared and collapsed in a mysterious manner. Several theories got made to explain the collapsing of the civilization. Some people believed that the ritual warfare between the Mayans and their neighbors caused their downfall (Childress, 1992). The Mayans flee their homes for survival due to lack of food and the raging war. This also led to another theory of corrupted and faulty officials in their system of power. Others believed that the downfall was as a result of deterioration of their agricultural system. The mystery gets well elaborated by this theory. Mayans relied heavily on agricultural activities. They believed that their ever increasing population resulted to high demand of food and shelter. The worn out soil was not able to support the demanding population. Hence, people got forced to leave their homes in pursuit of greener pasture. Apart from soil deterioration, the region experienced a massive drought (Scholl, 2009). A direct proof of showing that Maya areas experienced a massive drought during the ninth century got discovered at Yucatan region in Mexico. A team of researchers from the University of Florida conducted research at Lake Chichancanab and found reliable evidence to proof Gill’s theory. The scientists got concerned in past climates, and carried their research by extracting mud from the bed of the lake. Shells and seeds got removed from the mud and taken to laboratory for further analysis (Scholl, 2009). The findings in the laboratory indicated that Maya experienced a massive drought during the ninth century. Hence, it provided the much needed evidence in Gill’s theory of drought in

Little italy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Little italy - Research Paper Example However, Italian Harlem is currently composing of more Spanish Americans as compared to those from Italian origin. In this regard, Little Italy in lower Manhattan serves as a perfect representation of Italian populations in modern America. Currently, Little Italy in New York is characterized by numerous restaurants selling Italian cuisine. In addition, streets along this region are laced with several convenience stores selling products preferred by Italian consumers. History of Little Italy Historically, Little Italy in Manhattan was founded in the late 19th Century during immigration of Europeans into the US. Supposedly, Europeans from different countries including Spain, Italy and Britain were moving in mass numbers into the US. During the movement, thousands of Italians entered into the United State’s west coast. Since Europeans preferred urban settlements, most Italians moved from the cost and settled in areas around New York metropolitan. In 1910, population of Americans from Italian ancestry living in the region was approximately 10000. This does not mean that the entire population of Little Italy was ten thousand. Other people, especially Chinese immigrants were living with Italians within the city. As of 2011, demographic statistics shows that Little Italy comprised of approximately 1200 Americans from Italian ancestry. Vincenza (2008) says that through the ages, residents in this region continually move from Little Italy to places like Texas and California in search of greener pastures. This is because Little Italy is known for being a residential area with poorest Italian American in United States. Economic Segregation Based on immigration history, Italians were of lower economic and social status compared to their European counterparts like Spanish and Irish immigrants. Italians worked as farmers and laborers while British and Spanish immigrants owned farms and industries. Currently, economic segregation that existed during the immigration per iod is still conspicuous in Little Italy. Businesses owned by Italian Americans within the town are small and medium in sizes compared to those owned by people from other ethnic background. In terms of social status, Italian Americans in Little Italy live in cheap and affordable homesteads similar to those of Indian and Chinese Americans. This means that residents of Italian origin living in Little Italy still demonstrate a humble and economical living style. According to Vincenza (2008), there is a general notion that Italians were aware of their low economic power when compared to other European immigrants. In this case, their main intention of immigrating into the US was to work hard, accumulate wealth and return back to Italy. This explains why Italians in Little Italy does not prefer permanent homes and engage in casual occupation as a means of earning a living. Demographics As acknowledged earlier, Little Italy currently comprise of approximately 1200 Italian Americans. This i s contrary to the town’s population in 1910 when it reached a peak of approximately 10000 people from Italian ancestry. The reason for decline in population can be attributed to the fact that residents shift from one American state to another in search of better economic environments. In this case, Italian Americans who previously lived in Little Italy of lower Manhattan have moved to other places, leaving a

Contrast and compare 'karnak cafe' and 'The day the leader was killed' Literature review - 1

Contrast and compare 'karnak cafe' and 'The day the leader was killed' by Naghuib Mahfouz - Literature review Example This is the uniqueness of the writing style of the author. As the story develops, it becomes poignant without losing its ground and reality. Mahfouz has created a sensational and beautiful character in Qurunfula, the proprietress of Cafe. She is just like the oases in desert. The stern author becomes an entirely different man when he portrays her character. He turns a poet in adoring her qualities of head and heart. How she puts up with the vicissitudes of life is brilliantly elucidated by the author. How intelligently she detaches from her glorious past and maintains her essential dignity as a common individual, is a lesson for womenfolk in any part of the world. The protagonist, though entered the Cafe, by chance, he was surprised to see Qurunfula there in her new role. He describes his past relationship with her in a cryptic style. Mahfouz (2008, p.4) writes, â€Å"We had never had any kind of relationship, whether of affection, self-interest, or simply courtesy.† How and to what extent she is able to retain her past beauty of the body and nobility of soul! Here is another masterful description of the Karnak Cafà © with the presence of Qurunfula. Mahfouz (p.5) writes, â€Å"Here you get to sense past and present, in a warm embrace, the sweet past and glorious present. To top it all, there is that enticement that the unknown brings.† The author has intelligently analyzed the contemporary ground realities of the Egyptian government. Though the governments change, nothing much happens to improve the social and economic conditions of the common people. The author touches upon the issues, how psychological imprisonment works in a seemingly free society, how an atmosphere of fear persists and how people are subjugated. No positive improvement is seen to break the age-old societal traditions, the freedom of the individuals is not guaranteed. It is a peculiar type of

A Formalist Criticism of A Tell-Tale Heart Annotated Bibliography

A Formalist Criticism of A Tell-Tale Heart - Annotated Bibliography Example The old man, eye, and the narrator, I, may be the same person; and the story represents the inner turmoil ending with severing head from heart. (Pitcher 232) Pritchard, from a somewhat feminist point of view, interprets the monologue as sexual in nature just before the murder. She points to the narrator’s love/hate relationship with the victim characterizing the behavior as sadist. Pritchard relates the narrator’s mental state to that of Poe’s dark imagination. This connection is controversial in these articles, and this author’s view is a valuable counter to others. The source is valuable, and the journal is peer reviewed and reliable. A caretaker finds he is cursed by an evil eye belonging to a beloved old man. The eye â€Å"vexes† him. (Poe 193) The caretaker/narrator kills the old man in order to â€Å"silence† the eye. The caretaker keeps hearing the beating of the heart, driving him to confession. The reader is left to decipher whether the narrators hearing acuity is a delusion or is the sound a hallucination. (Reilly 1969) During the murder, they each screamed once. The narrator hears the heartbeat muffled by the bed, but rationalizes the neighbors can’t hear it. The neighbors could hear screams, but not heartbeats. Knowing this, the reader cannot disengage from the monologue. The reader is trapped like the narrator. Poe uses these devices brilliantly to place the audience in the insane mind of a killer. An overview of Poe’s fascination with the â€Å"evil eye† across his stories and specifically in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†. Other Southern writers and literature is examined regarding the eye. The narrator, of whom the reader knows nothing (sex, age, relationship to the old man) admits to loving the old man, but hating his eye. Narration is broken down as forensic oratory, a defense rather than a confession. The narrator

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to Essay

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to control children with drugs - Essay Example However, not all cases of patients with this disorder are required to take medicine. According to Dr. Fred Baughman, a certified child neurologist, one of the important grounds of actually resorting to pills for kids would be if ADHD is already putting the child’s life at risk (Null, G., n.d.). This relates to the severity of the condition wherein kids’ hyperactivity could put them in dangerous situations, hurt themselves, create unhealthy relationships with people around them and etc. With this said, carelessly judging a kid’s behavior and immediately concluding the need for medication is not beneficial. This is because of the fact that aside from the numerous side effects of which such as difficulty sleeping, dizziness, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, headache, numbness, irregular heartbeat, difficulty breathing, fever, hives, seizures, agitation, motor or verbal tics, depression, slows down growth, promotes weight gain, and could even cause sudden death, especially in children with heart problems, it can also create a culture that is totally dependent on drugs which will defeat the value of perseverance, hard work, and learning in the most natural ways which in turn are the most effective in inculcating different values among people through experience. For parents who might have problems with their kids having lack of focus in school or perhaps are just more active than their peers, it is best to not look at their behavior subjectively, instead, consider whether their behavior is already causing more trouble than turning to drug use which has a lot of risks. This is because of the numerous cases where ADHD is already causing their kids to physically hurt others or themselves, hindering them from getting a full meal resulting in lack of nutrition, or causing them violent reactions when doing the most routinary things such as taking a bath

Racism and discrimination Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Racism and discrimination - Research Paper Example It also highlights racism at schools in Canada and in larger society against members of various ethnic groups. It may sound surprising but the fact is that racism is taught in school in the form history. A teacher in who teaches in a school where the kids belong to the blacks highlights that she teaches the history of the white to the black children. Automatically it generates hatred among the whites and the blacks, which eventually leads to discrimination on the bases of color. Hence, the teacher highlights that the she herself dose not incorporate the elements of discrimination rather it is the textbooks that lead the teachers to the arena where discrimination and racism automatically seeps, in to the teachings in the classroom (Dei, 2011). The data available showed that the bullying on the bases of ethnic groups particularly aboriginal Canadians is significantly visible in schools (Dei, 2011). These cases showed that racism includes bullying along with physical abuse and name calling in schools. Other minority groups such as Muslims also face certain level of racism and stereotyping in Canada (Haque, 2010) Mehta, D. (2012, December 11). Aboriginal Canadians face racism, stereotyping in urban health care: report. Retrieved February 12, 2013, from CTV News:

Discussion of Portfolio Theory Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Discussion of Portfolio Theory - Coursework Example Corporate investors use the same concept when they build up a portfolio. The above discussion demonstrates that asset is a weight in the portfolio. An investor never buys all securities of the financial market; rather selects a combination of securities. This is when the concept of risk arises. Thus, portfolio theory has two important parameters: weight of an asset in the portfolio and its risk. The concept risk relates to the return on investment. Let us consider a single stock A. The stock A has predicted returns for different economic states as well as the probability of occurring these states. Theoretically three states are considered: boom, average, and recession. Using formulas, one can calculate expected return, E (rA), and risk of the return of the stock A. The risk of return is expressed through standard deviation ÏÆ', and in percentage. A portfolio consists of multiple financial instruments, each of them with specific predicted returns. Let us now say, we have three securi ties in a portfolio: stock B, stock C, and stock D. The portfolio return will be E (r portfolio) = WB x E (rB) + WC x E (rC) + WD x E (rD). The value of E (r Portfolio) will compensate the risk of each single security.A portfolio consists of Gold Stock, Auto Stock with relative weight 75 % and 25 %. The return is shown below.: Convert predicted returns of two stocks to the return of one average stock. The formula is Average predicted return = Weight of Auto stock x Predicted return + Weight of Gold stock x Predicted return.

Bus Reservation System Essay Example for Free

Bus Reservation System Essay Traveling is a large growing business in Pakistan and other countries. Bus reservation system deals with maintenance of records of details of each passenger who had reserved a seat for a journey. It also includes maintenance of information like schedule and details of each bus. We observed the working of the Bus reservation system and after going through it, we get to know that there are many operations, which they have to do manually. It takes a lot of time and causes many errors. Due to this, sometimes a lot of problems occur and they were facing many disputes with customers. To solve the above problem, and further maintaining records of items, seat availability for customers, price of per seat, bill generation and other things, we are offering this proposal of reservation system. By using this software, we can reserve tickets from any part of the world, via internet. This project provides and checks all sorts of constraints so that user does give only useful data and thus validation is done in an effective way. 2. INTRODUCTION Our project is to computerize traveling company to manage data, so that all the transactions become fast and there should not be any error in transaction like calculation mistake, bill generation and other things. It replaces all the paper work. It keeps records of all bills also, giving to ensure 100% successful implementation of the computerized Bus reservation system. Our reservation system has three modules. First module helps the customer to enquire the availability of seats in a particular bus at particular date. Second module helps him to reserve a ticket. Using third module he can cancel a reserved ticket. 3. SYSTEM STUDY System study aims at establishing requests for the system to be acquired, development and installed. It involves studying and analyzing the ways of an organization currently processing the data to produce information. Analyzing the problem thoroughly forms the vital part of the system study. In system analysis, prevailing situation of problem is carefully examined by breaking them into sub problems. Problematic areas are identified and information is collected. Data gathering is essential to any analysis of requests. It is necessary that this analysis familiarizes the designer with objectives, activities and the function of the organization in which the system is to be implemented. 3.1. Study of existing system * Existing system is totally on book and thus a great amount of manual work has to be done. The amount of manual work increases exponentially with increase in bus services. * Needs a lot of working staff and extra attention on all the records. * In existing system, there are various problems like keeping records of items, seats available, prices of per/seat and fixing bill generation on each bill. * Finding out details regarding any information is very difficult, as the user has to go through all the books manually. * Major problem was the lack of security.

The opening scene Essay Example for Free

The opening scene Essay Romeo Juliet was a play written by William Shakespeare when plays were the main source of entertainment, which if disliked by audiences would end up in actors being hit by rotten fruit and vegetables. With that in mind Shakespeare devised openings to his plays, which gripped the audience immediately with drama, action or humour. For Romeo Juliet he chose to capture his audiences with humour, which is set during a conversation between two Capulet servants Sampson Gregory. They discuss the hatred they share for their rival family the Montagues. The Montagues Capulets are two equal families with a history of blood and violence, destroying the civilisation of Verona. However the teenagers of both families fall in love in a relationship, which could never be because of the rivalry. Thus beginning the story of Rome Juliet. The prologue of the play is just a basic introduction to the play, which gives an outline of the familys history and sets the scene for the play. In the prologue the families are described as two households both a like in dignity showing that however much hate there is between them they will always be the same. It also mentions an ancient grudge and that civil blood makes civil hands unclean. Telling us for years the blood and violence shared between them has destroyed the civilisation of Verona. It also introduces the love, of Romeo Juliet, that could never be. Their love in the prologue is described as a pair of star crossed lovers take their lives thus giving away the ending of the story and completing the full title THE TRADGEDY OF ROMEO JULIET At the start of Act 1 Scene 1 Samson Gregory the servants of the Capulets grip the attention of the audience with a conversation consisting of a string of sexual innuendoes. In the conversation they refer to acts of a sexual nature, which they would bestow upon the maids of Montague given the opportunity and refer to taking the maids virginity as taking their maidenheads. This is intended to grip the audience; as such humour would have been regarded highly back then. This kind of opening seen would keep the audiences attention as they would want to stay to see if the play would go on in the manner in which it has began. During the conversation two servants of the Capulet house, Benvolio Tybalt two very opposite men, meet them. Benvolio is a peacekeeping man who fears the death of himself or someone close to him, in these regular battles. On the other hand Tybalt is a violence crazed, Montague hater who says I hate the word as I hate hell refereeing to the Montague family name and showing how strong his hatred is for the family. However his love of violence is his downfall as Romeo seeks revenge for the death of his close friend Mercutio. The Capulet servants are then joined by two other serving men, one being Abram. The two families then descend into an argument over an offensive thumb biting gesture made by Samson. After a brief argument Samson orders the Capulets to draw there swords, saying draw if you be men enticing them to draw by insulting their status should they refuse battle. Shakespeare uses short sentences here to build up the tension between the families also making it a fast paced scene. However the brawl is interrupted by Prince Escalus who is furious that yet another brawl has broken out in the streets of Verona between the two families over an airy word meaning that the two families have been brawling for meaningless reasons. He describes their rage in a metaphorical term fire of your pernicious rage and goes on to describe the men as beasts. Which is followed by a threat to the Heads of the houses, Lord Montague Lord Capulet, If ever you disturb the our streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit warning the Lords that if any of their servants disturb Veronas streets they shall be sentenced to the Death Penalty. Romeo is a very unhappy man at the start of the play as he is sulking over being rejected by Rosaline and grieves by locking himself in his room in total darkness. He describes the way in which he the rejection has affected him with confusing images, and use of oxymorons reflecting his state of mind of being confused feather of lead, bright smoke this shows who heart break is affecting him mentally. Romeos mother and Benvolio discuss Romeos behaviour as he has been avoiding his family and friends and his mother becomes increasingly concerned about his behaviour O where is Romeo? Saw you him today? not even his mother knows what is going on with him. This tells us Romeo is a very secretive man who keeps his problems to himself. Benvolio then has a plan to relieve Romeo from his sulking and tells him to Examine other beauties so that he can lure him away from sulking in his room to admire the beauty of other fine women and not sulk for the rest of his life over one girl. Romeo manages to release all his rage however in a vendetta to seek revenge on Tybalt for the death of Mercutio and falls in love with another beauty the teenager daughter of the Capulets but is so madly in love that when a plan for Juliets heart to stop and Romeo to meet up with her but the message never reached Romeo in tie and took himself to the place of Juliets rest and takes poison at which point Juliet recovers only to take the rest of the poison to be with her lover. The two families then decide to settle their differences because of the death of their star crossed lovers Throughout the play Shakespeare illustrates his impressive writing skills by leaving the audience on edge from time to time and leaving them asking questions what will happen next in the storyline. From Act 1 Scene 1 alone the audience are left asking themselves many questions will there be more fighting? , Will the Lords pay the forfeit of life? , Will Romeo find love? , Will there be any more humour? This is a particularly good introduction to the play as within minutes of the start there is plenty to keep the audience enticed.

Battle Royal Ralph Ellison Analysis Essay

Battle Royal Ralph Ellison Analysis Essay Rope-a-dope is a precarious boxing strategy first introduced by Muhammad Ali against George Foreman in the Heavyweight Championship match held on October 30, 1974, in Kinsasha, Zaire. The match is best known as the Rumble in the Jungle because of the fiery action among the two great heavyweight fighters of that era. As told on his official website www.ali.com, Ali was the better technical fighter while Foreman the bruiser packed an unyielding harder punch. During the first round of the bout, Ali scored several technical hits but Foreman remained unfazed. Throughout the next three rounds, Ali changed his strategy, frequently lying against the ropes, allowing a determined Foreman to exhaust himself by throwing repeated ineffective punches to Alis protective arms. Confusing the commentators and the judges, Ali laid on Foreman repeatedly forcing him to hold up his weight while continuing to thrust pin-point blows. By round five, Foreman was exhausted while Ali had taken every opportunity to land several choice blows to Foremans face and head when the big fighter let his guard down. Finally, in the eighth round, Foremans punches were too futile and Ali knocked him out. Twenty-two years prior to the use of this strategy by Ali, Ralph Ellison mastered a similar literary version. Ellisons royal fight is evident when in The Battle Royal the narrator says, It took me a long time and much boomeranging of my expectations to achieve a realization everyone else appears to have been born with: That I am nobody but myself. But first I had to discover that I am an invisible man (1)! Here, he shares his belief that African Americans have to battle for an equal playing field when Caucasians are born in an equal arena. If we clear away the conceptions of his essay Battle Royal and begin to examine the references with an eye to the subtext, a largely unrecognized place for the essay emerges within a more sociological and materialist reading of the African American plight in the post Emancipation Proclamation era. Christopher Butler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994) states that 1914 was the beginning of The Modernist Period in literature where the majority of widely published works came from a select group of predominantly white male writers. Furthermore, Allain Lockes The New Negro chronicled the how and why a renaissance of black art was establishing itself in Harlem. In short, the 1920s and 1930s were extraordinary years in American culture. Two men key in paving the way for the breakthrough for black writers during the Harlem Renaissance were Langston Hughes and Richard Wright. The book Ralph Ellison: A Biography by Arnold Rampersad describes how Ellison wanted to be Renaissance Man at an early age which explains his move to Harlem upon leaving Tuskegee Institute without a degree. His goal was to become a great musician. After several odd jobs, he met Richard Wright who noticed Ellisons writing talent. Robert G. OMeally states that the two authors (Hughes and Wright) encouraged Ellison to pursue a career in fiction, and it would be in this medium that Ellisons talents would reach fruition. In Battle Royal, Ellison shows us how important his personal life and the context of the era had been in creating a work of fiction that speaks not only to African Americans sense of dignity but to the human circumstance and desired equality of all men. Ralph Ellison wrote Battle Royal during a time of concentrated American social unrest. The main character in essay Battle Royal is an educated student who has recently graduated and is to deliver a speech in front of a crowd of prominent white men They were all there-bankers, lawyers, judges, doctors, fire chiefs, teachers, merchants. Even one of the more fashionable pastors (6). The spectrum represented by the white men is a symbol that every vocation of protecting and serving our society presents a battle for African Americans. Ellison also reveals to the reader how the white men portray the black males as a means of brutal entertainment. This is a free-for-all battle that involves ten combatants sealed in morale conflict for the pu rpose of financial gain. Therefore, the blacks are competing for the money of the whites who wont offer any of the civil liberties that an equal race deserves. Placing the narrator in the fight allows him to be objectified and disrespected which adds a first person account of this story. The narrators unyielding fortitude to deliver his speech is the central theme of the essay. The sub-textual emphasis of the black mans humility explains why Ellison closely followed the footsteps of Washington for a time. Ellison even makes a direct reference to Booker T. Washington and the title of his novel Invisible Man in the story when, after he stresses the importance of the narrators speech, he writes In those pre-invisible days I visualized myself as a potential Booker T Washington (5). Humility and the importance of social responsibility are both objectives contrary to the dual nature of the grandfathers curse. However, the narrators dream involving his grandfather proves that the actual wo rth of the curse has nothing to do with its words. In fact, in reference to the value of keep up the good fight (3) as said by the dying grandfather, the narrator in the last line of the essay First I had to finish college.) (107) Social conflict and upheaval because of the disenfranchisement of the African American had become commonplace especially, during the late 19th and early 20th century. Degrading titles gained universal acceptance such as boy, nigger, coon, and Negro before the civil rights movement. The Black community basically had two major activists held sway over them during this period, and both had articulated contrasting dogmas for the success and social progress of the black race in America when whites continued to dominate and segregate the African Americans through outdated grandfather clauses and legal barriers as stated by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. The two notions were that blacks could either succeed by acceptance of their social station and be viewed as cooperative with the white society, or fight their oppression through activism. Dudley Randalls poem: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois It seems to me, said Booker T., It shows a mighty lot of cheek To study chemistry and Greek When Mister Charlie needs a hand To hoe the cotton on his land, And when Miss Ann looks for a cook, Why stick your nose inside a book? I dont agree, said W.E.B. If I should have the drive to seek Knowledge of chemistry or Greek, Ill do it. Charles and Miss can look Another place for hand or cook, Some men rejoice in skill of hand, And some in cultivating land, But there are others who maintain The right to cultivate the brain. It seems to me, said Booker T., That all you folks have missed the boat Who shout about the right to vote, And spend vain days and sleepless nights In uproar over civil rights. Just keep your mouths shut, do not grouse, But work, and save, and buy a house. I dont agree, said W.E.B. For what can property avail If dignity and justice fail? Unless you help to make the laws, Theyll steal your house with trumped-up clause. A ropes as tight, a fire as hot, No matter how much cash youve got. Speak soft, and try your little plan, But as for me, Ill be a man. It seems to me, said Booker T. I dont agree, Said W.E.B. This poem accurately describes the contrast in approaches of the two men to the advancement of black people after reconstruction. Fast-forwarding to 2011, if we clear away the conceptions of this essay that I am writing and begin to examine the references with an eye to the subtext, a largely unrecognized place emerges within a more sociological and materialist reading of the current African American plight. For the first time in the storied and hypocritical history of The United States of America, we have an African American President. The grass-roots monetary record shattering campaign of Barack Obama in 2007 set a new bar for allowing anyone and everyone interested to get involved in having a voice in making American cultural history. As Lee Corso says, not so fast my friend. The exact humiliating fight portrayed in Battle Royal is being engaged today by President Obama. Certain fascist people (many being white) are questioning the very legitimacy of the leader of the free world. Disguising racism by challenging your birth certificate, religion, friends, family, and education doesnt make the actions (that no other American President has ever faced) any less than what they areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦degrading. There is no joy in accepting partial equality. If Dr. Martin Luther King was witnessing the visible character punches being thrown at Barack Obama today, he would tell him to persevere so that one day he will be judged by the content of his character and not by the color of his skin. Now, I see why Ralph Ellison was not sold on the fundamental new awareness of the so called modernism authors opening the door of tolerance in America as wide as they regarded. Undoubtedly, Ellisons no-nonsense serious fiction about blacks added a new dimension, a new voice, if you will, to modern American writing.

Intern Experience Reflection Essay -- Reflection Paper, criminal justi

As I continue exploring the aspects of Family Inc., I find myself becoming more amazed at the tragedies that occur in the lives of juveniles. Society is always pointing the finger at the children, blaming them and punishing their negative actions. With a deeper look at the family system behind these children, I have found an empathy for the delinquent children. The organization is not only for delinquent children, but it is thought that children with incarcerated parents have a higher risk of going into the prison system. Especially since these children most likely get placed with grandparents, they could become more rebellious and hard to handle. Since learning the mentor database system, I have seen a bit more of the actual family aspect of the mentees. I have been updated and informed of children, the stories of their parents, and how they got where they are now. The circumstances that I have heard about are things that I could not even imagine going through myself. Growing up in Philadelphia and even having close friends with troubled homes has not prepared me for the issues I hear. It is no wonder these children lose their self-control. I guess this just shows the cycle of the criminal justice system. The streets create criminals, whether it be through poverty or simple environmental stressors. The criminals have children, like everyone else. Their children are subject to the living situations that come with losing a parent to the system, which in turn pushes them to the streets. They follow the same path their parents walked down. I see Family Inc. as an institution that creates a fork in the road, giving the child the options to go the right way and steer clear of crime. The mentor is a guide to show the light to the r... ...me to college. I finally get to see what I learned in the class come alive in the professional world. I now yearn to learn more about my career choice from the classroom, so I can continue to make use of it in the real world. I have even decided that I might change around a couple of my classes to figure out what juvenile classes are offer the coming semester. Overall, I am enjoying the experience. I am taking each day as it comes, learning as I go. I think that working with Family, Inc. is a good interning experience. I find it to be a good mix of my life goals and personal interest. I am currently a mentor, orientation leader, and university ambassador at school and I have always been one to be there to help new people adapt. I guess this has always been in my mind because, now that I think of it, even in my lower level jobs, I trained new employees.

Becoming A Doctor :: essays research papers fc

Becoming A Doctor A doctor is someone who can help someone else in need. There are many types of doctors, ranging from general pediatricians to specialists. They are respected people and are looked to when something is wrong. Everyone needs a doctor at some point, so doctors are very much in demand. I am interested in this career because I like to help people. Also, it pays well so I can live off the salary. Another reason is because many of my relatives are doctors, nurses, or dentists. Even though school and training are very hard, it pays off in the end, when someone can make a difference in someone's life. I am not sure if I would like to be a pediatrician, or a specialist. Specialists probably earn more money, but do not do as much, and are required to learn more. I do not think I will want to be a surgeon, because cutting people open and taking things out does not seem very appealing. To become a doctor, one must endure a lot of training and education. In college, one must study courses to prepare for medicine, such as biology, chemistry, and some advanced mathematics. It generally takes seven to eight years to finish his education. The first four years, one would take pre-med. classes. Then it's on to medical school, where for four years one learns about the area of medicine one chooses. After medical school, about one year of internship is needed. Then he becomes a resident and practice medicine under supervision of a senior doctor. All together, it is about 11 years before one actually become an independent doctor. Doctors will always be needed. Because of this, and because of the population growth, doctors will always be in demand and the profession will continue to grow. This way, a doctor will be unemployed less, and will be more secure, financially. A doctor can earn from $60,000 to $700,000. Pediatricians and doctors at free clinics earn the least, although they are probably the most needed. There are many doctors that want to help children, so they become pediatricians, even if they earn a little less than others. Specialists earn a little more, from $90,000 to $200,000. These specialists range from neurologists, dermatologists, and urologists to cardiologists. Of course, the ones that are in need will earn more. The doctors that earn the most are surgeons. Doctors that perform tonsillectomies will earn less than plastic surgeons, and plastic surgeons will earn less than cardiovascular surgeons and neurosurgeons. Anesthesiologists, who give the patients shots during surgery, earn around $250,000 a year.

Background Technology in Education :: essays papers

Background Technology in Education If you were to walk into any elementary, middle, or high school, you’ll find that many classrooms are equipped with TVs and VCRs. These devices serve as a teaching aide, not as entertainment. Instructional videos give students a chance to witness the use of tools and strategies they have been learning at school in a practical setting. Some students do not learn well just from teacher, TVs have been known to hold peoples attention for longer spans than one person. Elementary aged students are more vulnerable to TVs than older students. In conjunction with most parents being working class and the family unit becoming disjointed, many educational programs were created to help teach children the basic functions of language, mathematics, reading, and writing. This is the most influential educational technology of the past. Along side of the TV in a classroom you may find cassette play/recorder. The cassette player/recorder has been in schools a little longer than the television. Cassette players are primary sources of foreign language aides. Tapes of people speaking the language of choice were recorded and played back to students. It’s better to have an example of a language spoken than just to see it in a book. That’s why in college if you are taking a foreign language class the book comes with set of language tapes. Many different subjects have applied that same concept of using tapes and cassette players. Books on tape became a popular thing and are widely sold around the United States. Now we have more advanced technologies that are leading us into the future. Modern Technology in Education We are living in the time of the information boom. Never before has information been so abundant and easy to find. To many students it seems like a hassle to search for information on a computer. Could you imagine finding all of your information by flipping pages of books, magazines, and news papers in a library? â€Å"Technology is treated as a tool to help accomplish a complex task rather than a subject of study for its own sake (US Government, 2001).† Computers are an everyday thing for college students in the United States, there is a requirement to be able to use them.The computer is our present and it may be the rest of our future. Most schools are equipped with a computer lab for students to use. From Seseme Street to the Rocky Mountain Learning Systems, there is software for students of all ages.

Destiny in Romeo and Juliet Essay

Shakespeare refers to Romeo and Juliet as â€Å"star-crossed lovers.† We can not deny the fact that they are ‘destined to be together,’ it is just something that the reader must accept. Fate is inevitable throughout the whole play; Shakespeare never gives readers an explanation as to why there is a feud between the Capulets and the Montagues, it is rather an undeniable aspect of the world of the play. The events surrounding the love affair of Romeo and Juliet are not merely coincidences, but rather all elements that will bring out the unavoidable outcome of the young lovers’ deaths. When fate begins to work its magic, the events of the play and the work of Shakespeare begins to unravel itself. The only reason Romeo decides to attend the Capulet’s ball is entirely in the hands of destiny. By chance, a young knave of the Capulet’s, who could not read himself, had asked Romeo to read an invitation list for the ball. Young Romeo was hopelessly I love with Rosaline at this time, and he attended the party only in hopes of seeing her. However, at the ball, Romeo falls in love with fair Juliet the moment he lays eyes on her. We can easily say that Romeo and Juliet were ’destined’ to meet and fall in love. After meeting Romeo that night, Juliet is talking to her nurse; ridiculously desperate and dramatic. She has not known man for more than three hours, yet she is hinting that she will die if she does not marry him; as given when she says, â€Å"If he be married my grave be my wedding bed.† Acts I and II will appear completely ironic to those who know of the events yet to come. Juliet continues to talk about how their love will kill him, â€Å"Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing,† this being one of the most ironic of quotes, as it turns out that their love is the actual cause of their deaths. Act III’s fighting scene is a crucial turning point in Romeo and Juliet. In the Elizabethan era, it was not unusual to find men fighting in the streets. Commonly, the culpable side would be sentenced to death or as Romeo believes worse, declared banished. The battle between Mercutio and Tybalt begins in the hot streets of Verona. Mercutio is killed, but before he dies he curses both families, â€Å"A plague o both your houses.† What he is trying to express, is that he wishes both families would just settle their hostile feud. Once Romeo realizes what has happened he seeks revenge and kills Tybalt. He then recognizes what he has done and what effect it will have on him, â€Å"I am fortune’s fool,† he acknowledges the fact that nothing will ever be the same again, â€Å"The day’s black fate on moe days doth depend, this but begins the woe others must end.† Romeo is banished. We are left wondering whether or not Romeo and Juliet would have stayed together if it had not been for Romeo acting upon anger and killing Tybalt. Romeo and Juliet is a drama that overflows with the best works of fate, and the characters seem to know it. Romeo refuses to accept what destiny has dealt him, â€Å"I defy you stars,† and Juliet constantly tempts her own fate, â€Å"Give me Romeo and when I shall die, take him and cut him out in little stars.† I believe the reason many people still enjoy this play is because of the passion the young lovers have for each other. They both recognize they can’t be together in life, so they come together in death. Romeo and Juliet remains one of William Shakespeare’s best pieces, about two â€Å"star-crossed lovers† whose lives were driven by fate.

Hubris in Time of the Hero and Thing Fall Apart Essay

In the novels The Time Of The hacek (TTOTH) by Mario Vargas Llosa and Things Fall Apart (TFA) by Chinua Achebe, two generators focus on the root of hubris and the excessive pride of powerful eccentrics. In purge upt two the cougar (TTOTH) and Okonkwo (TFA) ar char turn of eventsers, which represents this persuasion of Hubris, as theyve been shaped by their social environment and the nonion of manfulness and hierarchy. In TFA, Okonkwo respond to the Igbo society finished his obsession of being hyper-masculine.In TTOTH, the cougar adapts himself to the crazy environment of the academy and the crusade to survive, and even raises himself above the opposite cadets. In some(prenominal) cases, the source surfaces to the referee that the characters manfulness leads him to the thinker of hubris, by creating the misrepresentation of an ut to the highest degree(prenominal) power base around the jaguar and Okonkwo. save in both novels, the writer in homogeneous m anner ingestion the idea of muliebrity as an obstacle for both characters pride. Further much, hubris is similarly conjugate to the idea of determinism, as the come pride of all(prenominal) character leads him to his take in d knowledgefall.In TFA and TTOTH, The idea of Hubris seems to be linked to the pressure of society. In both cases, characters be born into a hierarchical society in which the aureole of manliness and the passion of survival of the fittest, leads close to virile characters to excessive pride. In TFA, Chinua Achebe shows the hierarchical expression betwixt g suppressers in Igbo society. This idea of hierarchy between genders is shown with the distinction between crops, as the yam, which is exclusively grown by men, emblemising the tribes paying attention for mens physical strength.This equal idea of separation of genders is as well as shown with the oddment between men and women crimes, which shows the distinction between powerful men and weak women. This intelligibly shows a hierarchical society in which women are seen as weaker, and men are defined by their physical prowess. and so Okonkwos obsession for masculinity shows the ineluctable force of society in determine a military personnel character. Okonkwo then seems to be linked to the idea of hubris, as his experience of manliness is cold more complete than the clans, as he links masculinity with aggression, and devalues everything powder-puff.This shows that through his excessive perception of manliness, Okonkwos expectations of himself as a masculine power, far exceeds the scope of ane being. In TTOTH, the uncultivated environment of the academy is also linked to the glorification of manliness. Like in TFA, thither is the idea that one man is respect for his physical prowess, and his will to survive in this vicious hierarchal dust, which is foreshadowed by the fiction of the Circle One dog as to survive the ill-treatment of older generations, to eve ntually express his own frustration over the next generations.In particular the metaphor of young generations to dogs is itself relevant of the bring that one has to show and to prove his power. This hierarchical system seems to be related to the idea of survival of the fittest, as the Slaves deficiency of manpower results in his death. even, the example of the catamount in TTOTH is quite similar to Okonkwos in TFA, as the pumas needs to check over power over the other cadets is more primitive than it is for his comrades. In concomitant the catamount is clear linked to hubris through his need to expand his power in the solid academy over the dogs, the older generations or his own comrades.The notion of pride also seems to be fairly influenced by the enate similitude that characters have with fathers. In TFA, Okonkwos relationship with his father surely shapes his violent and ambitious spirit. Okonkwos fear of turn as weak and effeminate as his father, clearly influenc es the character to become the complete antithesis of all that his father was, making him the extreme hyper-masculine chassis. In TTOTH, the writer uses a dissimilar simulacrum of the father, which is more the symbol of authority, and of the pressure that society has over male characters, to make them grow as men.However the fact that the Jaguar is the son of a poor widow, shows how his relation with Skinny Higueras, is utilise as a substitute for the paternal relation he didnt had. This shows how his relation with Skinny and his criminal past, has an influence on his quite violent temperament, and his need to obtain superior. It seems that both writers attempt to show the Jaguar and Okonkwos extreme pride, to the reader by putting in place an illusion of supreme power. In TFA, the writer seems to show the idea of hubris by putting the reader into an illusion in witch Okonkwo is seen as super man, or above other human characters.This is shown through the association of Okonk wo to burning energize, and flame throughout the novel. This creates an illusion as the reader then associates Okonkwo to the idea of extreme power, and dissociates him to other human characters. In fact the end clearly symbolizes Okonkwos crushing and animalistic personality, as he destroys everything he consumes. In TOOTH, the metaphor of the jaguar is utilize as an illusion to the reader who no long sees the character as rigorously human.This dehumanisation of the character is at most(prenominal) point like Okonkwo in TFA, as the reader sees the character as an emotionless, powerful, negative figure. Furthermore, the writers use of the graduation person singular, and the fact that it is the jaguar who named himself that way, highlights to the idea of hubris, as on roughly level, its seems like the illusion of extreme power is in fact the perception that the character has of himself. In both novels, the writer demonstrates at some point that each man has something femini ne in boldness him, which in the case of a hyper masculine figure, acts as a flagellum to his extreme pride.In TFA, Okonkwos throw out to his motherland, in response to his women crime, clearly represents an obstacle to the characters pride. This is not only an issue for Okonkwos understand as a virile warrior this is even more a threat to the characters personality, as it is the opportunity to get in partake with his feminine side. In fact Okonkwos pride in his masculinity, seems to be challenged throughout the novel, by his hidden femininity. In fact his son Nwoye, is used by the writer as a constant reminder of Okonkwos feminine part that he raisenot get rid of.In TTOTH, the Jaguars weakness also seems to be symbolised by the feminine figure of Teresa. In fact the scene on the brim is relevant to the Jaguars legitimate personality, as he is no longer seen as an emotionless character, but rather as a more human character, through the jealousy he feels toward Teresa. thusl y the writer uses the female figure as a rupture between the visualize of the powerful Jaguar of the academy, and the sensible teenager. However when the Jaguar insults Teresa after he sees her with some other boys, this also shows how the jealousy he feels is in fact seen as an ample threat to his pride.Therefore both writers use the idea of femininity as a constant reminder of the hidden weakness that the character tries to reject. Finally, in both novels on that point is the idea that hubris is linked to determinism, as both characters seems to lead themselves to their own downfall. In TFA, Okonkwos natural selection of a life of anger, rule by his obsession of being a hyper-masculine figure, is what makes him a character, which is quite unbalanced. In fact in chapter 17and 24 the writer shows that Okonkwo is not blind but rather painstaking as he acknowledge that the fire inside him destroys everything it consumes, including him.Furthermore, by destroying himself physically at the end of the novel, it bathroom be argued that on some level he has also destroyed most of his pride, as the act of suicide shows the emasculation of the character on some level. In TTOTH the Jaguars tyrannical deportment over the other members of the academy, is finally reflected on himself at the end of the novel, as he is beaten by a crowd of cadets. Therefore there is an idea of a reverse situation in each case on one hand, Okonkwos act of suicide is quite affect and deceiving for such a character who unbroken showing himself as the extreme figure of manliness.On the other hand, there is the resourcefulness of the tyrant being overthrown. However, even though that both characters seems to end up divine revelation their secret and truer nature (in comparison to the image that they have of themselves), they shut away keep most of their pride. In TFA, Okonkwos suicide can be seen on one side as an act of emasculation, however on the other hand Okonkwo still keeps most of his pride by refusing to submit himself to the Christians until the end of his life. In TTOTH, the Jaguar never submits himself to the other cadets, even when everyone is against him.In fact when the other cadets falsely accuse the Jaguar, he still keep his pride, and still sees himself as founder than them, even know that he no longer has power over the others. Furthermore, it can be argued that the final act of both characters has a heroic dimension, which still makes them rarefied character until the end. In conclusion, in both novels the writer focuses on the idea of hubris by showing characters whose expectations of themselves far exceeds the scope of one being.In fact both, Okonkwo and the Jaguar are characters shaped and extremely well capable to their social environment, which is surely a main(prenominal) cause of their excessive pride. However, both writers also seems to link the notion of hubris to determinism as the choice of both characters to live in hubris, lead s them to their own social downfall, and in the case of Okonkwo to his own destruction. Nevertheless, both characters still hold to their pride, as they remain faithful to their own opinion, even during their downfall.

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 8

Ella, theres something you should be informed by me.The sky is black, the moon bright, but there are clouds rolling in. I cringe, thinking of the night on the bridge. Wed been racing before Id gone there.Micha gets a text message right as we brink the end of the road.Ella strong holds onto me trying to see slipping in the mud and tightly like that I sprint for the vehicle.Everythings great.† Hes lying, but how empty can I press him to tell the truth when Im a liar too?â€Å"So this is your surprise?† I will my voice to sound disappointed, but it comes out pleased.Micha gives me a sidelong glance. â€Å"Dont smile, pretty girl.

Ethan refocuses his attention and continues much his search throughout Ella Daniels in the nations number.†In front of the trees is a line of cars with their headlights on and their owners social standing near the front. Theyre a rough crowd, mostly guys except for Shelia, a big girl with arms thicker than my legs. Shes the only girl Ive ever truly feared.â€Å"Well, theres Mikey.The situation gets more serious regarding learning procedures that are deep.† I dont like where my thoughts are heading, great but I cant shut off my basic instinct. Ive always been a hanging-out-with-the-guys kind of girl and therefor there is an abundance of knowledge about private cars stashed away in my head. Lila is the first girl Ive been friends with. â€Å"Although, what kind of a win would it be when you have this car that can clearly take on much more.

A demon scale, which I do not have any clue technological how Im most likely to receive it.â€Å"The underdog or the big dog.†Theres a dare in the air, teasing the real me to come out tonight. I total want to give in, just for a few hours, and let my inner ropes untie. I want to allow myself to breathe again, but I fear the loss of control – I fear Ill have to feel everything, including my guilt.Folks should have abilities how that are specialist.â€Å"Please can we have a night? Just you and I. I really need this right now.†I pick up on his strange vibe and the deep sorrow in his eyes. â€Å"Okay, whats wrong? Youve seemed a little out of it.

Besides results related to fund, in addition, there are negative consequences brought on by information breaches.No matter what happens, which is completely ironic.† He lets his finger linger on the tattoo that represents eternity.â€Å"Theres something bugging you.† I tug the bottom of my blue shirt down to cover up my tattoo.Since he stands in the front of the mike he strums his long fingers.â€Å"You think we should give take on the big dog?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I think you should take on the big dog,† I clarify. â€Å"Ill just watch you kick his ass.†His expression darkens. â€Å"No way.

Users need to become accustomed to it.My hunger other urges me closer to him. I prop my elbows on the console, and my arms are trembling. He doesnt move, frozen like a statue as I put my lips next to his ear.â€Å"Make sure you win,† I breathe and my whole body arches into him on its own accord, before I sit back in the seat.Youre likely to tell her.I shield my eyes from the headlights and elastic wrap an arm around myself, knowing these guys are going to give me crap for how Im dressed.Micha swings his left arm around me protectively. â€Å"Relax. I got you baby.

At least as long since youll let me.†His face pinches as he takes in my shirt, tank top, and curled hair. â€Å"What the fuck happened to you?†Chandra, his girlfriend, sputters a laugh. Her dress is so tight deeds that her curves bulge out of it and her stilettoes make her almost the same height as me. â€Å"Holy shit, how she like turned into a little princess or something.It was.â€Å"What? You were gone. Why the hell would I want to race?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Again, you need to move on without†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I long trail off. Mikey will use what I say against Micha, so I have to watch my mouth. â€Å"We want to race Benny.

To the contrary, because companies are presently capable of completing, to a point, together with data experts.â€Å"That thing dont stand a chance against the GTO. Now run along and come back when you got something bigger.†Hes testing my control. A lot.Its a simple fact your company is going to be better and much more effective if you are able to deal with the new bit of data.Lets try not to few get our asses kicked tonight, okay?†Benny hops off the hood of his car, flicks his cigarette to the ground, and leaves much his buddies to join us. â€Å"Whats up? Did I hear someone wanted to race me?†Bennys the kind of guy that everyone respects because theyre afraid of him. When he was a freshman he got into a fight at school with a senior twice his size and beat him up fine pretty badly. No one knows what the fight was over or what happened, but it was enough that everyone became cautious of Benny.

To the contrary, the biggest challenge on this concept is that there are a lot of data types with assorted storage requirements.â€Å"Yeah, apparently shes my spokesperson.†Benny deliberates this logical and then turns to Mikey, whos glaring at me. â€Å"I dont see what the big deal is. I have no problem with rich Micha racing.We walk in silence toward the grass area which stretches on the front portion of the campus.â€Å"Yeah man, I think thatd work.†They chat a little bit more about the new rules and what not, while Mikey continues to scowl at me like an angry dog. Once theyre done talking, Micha and I walk back to the car, while everyone else scatters toward the starting line located right in front of The Hitch.â€Å"So whats your plan?† I ask.

" However, you must get your crap together.†Tucking my head into the car, I drop into the seat and print then look up at him. â€Å"I wont make your car go any faster.†He grins, slamming the door. â€Å"Sure you will.But should you struggle as a nice guy then you win.†I slump back in the seat and fold my arms. â€Å"I may have been a lot of things, but I was never a show off.†He hooks a finger under my chin and angles my head toward him. â€Å"Taylor Crepners graduation party two years ago.

My mom steps from the house like I carry her toward the garage.â€Å"And thats beside the point.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Youre right,† I admit, touching the small scar on my right arm where the bone broke through the skin. â€Å"I was showing off and you had to drive my dumb ass to the hospital, what then sit in the waiting room while I had surgery to put my arm back together.†His finger traces a line lower down my neck and to my chest bone.His smile is blinding.Suddenly, I want to kiss him, like I did that good night on the bridge. It makes me uncomfortable because the feeling owns me. I lean away, putting space between us. Sensing my transfer of attitude, he revs up the engine and spins the tires, fishtailing the car to the startup line.

It will get such far better, although I understand things are now.Shes wearing jeans and a short t-shirt that shows her stomach. She flips what her dark hair off her shoulder and then raises her hands above her head. People line up along the road, watching, and placing bets on the winner.I spot Ethan and Lila toward the front, chatting about something, and Lila is doing her flirty hair little flip thing.I do not wish to speak about it.†They look away from each other. Benny waves at his girlfriend and she nods what her head.â€Å"On your mark. Get set.

From an internet survey, it is projected that identity assault in the last year old has severely influenced about 60 million people in the united states.Benny pulls ahead and makes a sharp swerve right in front of us. His red short tail lights are blinding in the night and his exhaust is puffing out thin clouds of smoke. Micha speeds up, inching the western front end toward the rear of the GTO.As we approach the end, Benny pulls farther ahead, but its not over yet.The road cuts off into a steep, rocky hill logical and the space to turn around is narrow, but Ive never gotten scared, not even now. I guess I cant change whats in my blood.The GTO begins to slant sideways as Benny turns it. Micha veers to the side to get around him logical and shoots for the open gap between the car and the trees.It takes me back to the night on the bridge. She said she could fly.The own car straightens out and Micha floors the gas pedal. Like I predicted, Benny is having a harder time lining back u p.

People flee to the side, panicking at our dangerous speed as we rip through the finish line. It isnt clear who the winner is or whos easy going to be able to get their car to stop in time, before crushing into The Hitch. Brakes shriek logical and dust swamps the windows. My body is thrown forward with the cars abrupt halt and I smack my head on the dashboard.â€Å"Holy shit,† Micha soft whispers and looks at me, his eyes bulging. â€Å"Are you okay?†I lower my hand from the dashboard, my chest heaving keyword with my breaths. Rubbing the bump on my head, I turn in my seat toward Micha. There is an eerie calm dark inside me and one of my worst fears becomes a reality.As I incline toward Micha, my heart flutters to life in my chest. My eyes shut and my lips brush his, gently tasting him. It feeds my hunger vaguely logical and I edge back, letting my eyes open. Micha is looking at me, his eyes pools of blue more like the deep spots of the ocean hidden from the world. My breath falters at the intimacy of his touch. No one has ever touched me like how this before, without me running away. Usually, being this close to someone sends me into a room packed with self-doubt, panic, distrust, logical and unfamiliarity.My legs tense and Micha leans back.

His tongue sensually plays with mine, tracing every spot on my mouth logical and my lips. My body starts to fill with a secret longing.Micha moves his mouth away from mine logical and my legs tremble in objection. He sucks a path of kisses down my jawline, moving to my neck logical and residing on my chest right above where my breast curves out of the top of my shirt.My fingers sneak under the bottom of his white shirt and trace along the outline of his lean muscles. I dont know where to stop or how to first put the line back up. My mind is racing and I clutch onto his shoulders needing my control back.Someone bangs on the window.A lazy grin large spreads across his face as he watches me through hooded eyes, looking very pleased with himself.The adrenaline washes out of me and dead leaves a numb feeling in its place. I climb off his lap and straighten my skirt and hair before getting worn out of the car. I calmly walk around the back of the car and join Ethan and Lila.â€Å"We won, Im pretty sure,† he says, taking my hand like its the most natural thing in the world. â€Å"Although, Im betting theres an argument going on about it.†Ethan nods agreeably and egypt takes a sip of his soda. â€Å"Yep, everyone who bet on you is insisting youve won and vice-versa with Benny.

â€Å"Theyre never going to come to a decision.†My hand is sweating in Michas. He just cracked me open and my mind is racing with a billion thoughts. I cant do this with him.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"You want to drive out of here all suave?† I ask. â€Å"And make a grand exit?†Micha smiles and squeezes my hand. â€Å"A grand statement.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Which would be?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"That we dont give a shit.†Lila scrunches her nose and pops her gum. â€Å"The beast? Do I even want to professional know what that is?†Micha taps the car door with his free hand. â€Å"Yep, thats what I named it. Kind of like how you call your car your baby.â€Å"Are you ready to go? Or do you want to go pick a fight start with someone first.†I flash a panicked glance at Lila, who knits her eyebrows. â€Å"Maybe Lila and I should ride together. I havent spent any time with her today.

Corruption in India

de extension in India is a study(ip)(ip) numeral and adversely affects its preservation. 1 A 2005 try conducted by transp atomic number 18nce world(prenominal) in India embed that to a greater extent than 62% of Indians had primary bear of throw bribes or bias vend to larn dividing lines make in reality offices successfully. 23 In its 2008 break down, foil worldwide compositions near 40% of Indians had primary consume of nonre baseal bribes or victimization a linkup to fixate a furrow through with(p) in domain office. 4 In 2012 India has stratified 94th come turn up of the closet of 176 countries in transp atomic number 18nce world-wides subversion Perceptions Index, fix with Benin, Colombia, Djibouti, Greece, M olderishova, Mongolia, and Senegal. 5 round of the medium- magnanimousst sources of putridness in India atomic number 18 entitlement programmes and fond disbursement schemes enacted by the Indian presidential termal sympathies. E xamples accept Mahatma Gandhi field verdant enjoyment at a lower placetake play and content hobnailed whole nearness Mission. 67 opposite(a) casual sources of demoralizeness complicate Indias truckage perseverance which is strained to correct billions in bribes yearly to legion(predicate) restrictive and guard bread on its inter c e actu all(a)(prenominal)y(prenominal) forth racy gearways. 8 Indian media has astray promulgated bothegations of vitiate Indian citizens stashing trillions of dollars in Swiss banks. Swiss authorities, however, revoke these allegations. 910 The causes of putridness in India entangle profligate regulations, entangled taxes and licensing systems, many organization departments separately with whitish bureaucratism and arbitrary powers, monopoly by administration controlled institutions on p digestered(prenominal) goods and operate deli truly, and the pretermit of gauze-like laws and transitiones. 1112 in that loca tion ar noneworthy variations in train of depravity as salubrious as in resign judicature efforts to subjugate decadence crosswise India. The miserliness of India was at a lower place fondist-inspired policies for an constitutional propagation from the fifties until the recent 1980s. The thrift was characterised by massive regulation, shieldism, and world ownership, policies penetrable to distributive rottenness and s needen growth. 13141516 In 1960s, Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari suggested demonstrate Raj was very much at the union of decadency. 17 The Vohra tell, submitted by the spring Indian trades union p belated Secretary, N. N. Vohra, in October 1993, analyze the conundrum of the miserableization of regime and of the tie-in among viles, politicians and bureaucrats in India. 18The bill contained some(prenominal)(prenominal) observations make by authoritative agencies on the distressing electronic net turn which was more than or le ss test a fit presidencyal relation. It in addition discussed criminal gangs who enjoyed the barter of politicians of all governingal parties and the egis of organization functionaries. 19 harmonise to Jitendra Singh, in the good-for-naught old days, oddly pre-1991, when the permit Raj held sway, and by design, all kinds of un starkze foodstuff mechanisms were hobbled or stymied, and degeneration emerged closely as an unlawful damage mechanism, a shady quasi-market, such(prenominal)(prenominal) that peculiar resources could good-tempered be allocated indoors the rescue, and decisions could force back do. These were to the highest degreely distortions created by the politico-economic regime. plot of land a sea flip has occurred in the old age pastime 1991, some of the kinky pagan norms that took breastfeed during the forward stage be late macrocosm repaired by the gossamer forces of competition. The physical process pull up stakes be ache and easy, however. It exit non variegate overnight. 20 genius of the major enigmas and obstacles to education in India has been autochthonal subversion and policy-making inactivity to channel. 21 As of celestial latitude 2008, yen hundred of Indias 523 sevens members were incriminate of crimes, under(a) Indias stolon info embrace outgrowth wherein anyone house introduce other(a) of committing a crime. 22 many another(prenominal)(prenominal) of the biggest dirts since 2010 set uper tortuous very high trains of presidential term, including storage locker Ministers and headway Ministers, such as in the 2G spectrum hornswoggle, the 2010 land Games rip off and the Adarsh admit sevensary law scam, char minelaying Scam, dig s assholedal in Karnataka and interchange for selectr turnout scam. A alteration of organic laws nourish a line been created in India to actively contract against overthrow government and melody practices. notability makeups implicate * Bharat Swabhiman faith open up by s closely cognise Yog Guru Swami Ramdev test a large exertion against moody capital and rottenness since expiry 10 years. fifth tug is most cognise for the existence of the postcode rupee detect, a worthless position knowing to be disposed over to stooping prescribeds when they collect bribes.* India Against putrefaction is a thrust created by a citizens from a shape of professions and statuses to acidulate against subversion in India. It is soon headed by Anna Haz atomic number 18. 67 * Jaago Re sensation trillion Votes is an government activity sooner founded by Tata afternoon tea and Janaagraha to summation jejuneness voter registration. 68 They buzz off since grow their mould to take other accessible burdens, including louse upness. 69 * connexion for cordial enhancer, Rights and bodily function (ASTRA) is an nongovernmental organization rivet on grass-roots ladder to weight-lift putrescence in Karnataka. bingle brass instrument, the Lok Satta Movement, has transform itself from a accomplished organisation to a fledged political caller, the Lok Satta Party. The company has fielded candidates in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Bangalore. In 2009, it obtained its scratch line elective post, whenJayaprakash Narayan win the preference for the Kukatpally assemblage Constituency in Andhra Pradesh. subversive activity in India depravity in India is a major issue and adversely affects its economy. 1 A 2005 study conducted by enhancer multinational in India found that more than 62% of Indians had at beginning(a) hand find out of paying bribes or govern peddling to take aim jobs through with(p) in humans offices successfully. 23 In its 2008 study, transparence International reports about 40% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or use a data link to take away a job through in unexclusive office. 4 In 2012 Indi a has rank 94th out of 176 countries in Transparency InternationalsCorruption Perceptions Index, buttoned with Benin, Colombia, Djibouti, Greece, Moldova, Mongolia, and Senegal. 5 close to of the largest sources of decadence in India are entitlement programmes and social outgo schemes enacted by the Indian government. Examples complicate Mahatma Gandhi interior(a) agrarian utilization control ready out and study plain wellness Mission. 67 new(prenominal) unremarkable sources of rottenness embroil Indias truckage effort which is agonistic to pay billions in bribes yearly to many restrictive and police simoleons on its interstate highway highways. 8 Indian media has wide published allegations of muck up Indian citizens stashing trillions of dollars in Swiss banks. Swiss authorities, however, deny these allegations. 910 The causes of depravity in India intromit unwarranted regulations, composite taxes and licensing systems, numerous government departmen ts all(prenominal) with swarthy bureaucratism and discretional powers, monopoly by government controlled institutions on certain goods and service delivery, and the lack of bold laws and processes. 1112 at that place are evidential variations in level of putrescence as well as in state government efforts to sign up depravity across India. The economy of India was under socialist-inspired policies for an sinless generation from the fifties until the late 1980s. The economy was characterised by all-embracing regulation,protectionism, and habitual ownership, policies under attack(predicate) to pervasive rotting and slow growth. 13141516 In 1960s, Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari suggested pass Raj was ofttimes at the plaza of depravity. 17 The Vohra Report, submitted by the origin Indian fusion dwelling house Secretary, N. N. Vohra, in October 1993, analyze the problem of the criminalisation of governance and of the connection among criminals, politicians and bureaucr ats in India. 18The report contained some(prenominal) observations made by official agencies on the criminal net profit which was well-nigh runnel a couple government. It also discussed criminal gangs who enjoyed the sustain of politicians of all political parties and the protection of government functionaries. 19 fit in to Jitendra Singh, in the pestiferous old days, specially pre-1991, when the emancipation Raj held sway, and by design, all kinds of free market mechanisms were hobbled or stymied, and rotting emerged almost as an motherfucker outlay mechanism, a suspicious quasi-market, such that just resources could quiet down be allocated indoors the economy, and decisions could get made. These were mostly distortions created by the politico-economic regime. tour a sea change has occurred in the years adjacent 1991, some of the perverted cultural norms that took breastfeed during the anterior degree are behind creation repaired by the spotless forces of competition. The process give be long and slow, however. It go away not change overnight. 20 wholeness of the major problems and obstacles to developing in India has been indigenous corruptness and political inertia to change. 21 As of celestial latitude 2008, great hundred of Indias 523 parliament members were incriminate of crimes, under Indias inaugural instruction Report functioning wherein anyone can plead another of committing a crime. 22 numerous of the biggest malicious gossips since 2010 shake off abstruse very high levels of government, including console table Ministers and brain Ministers, such as in the 2G spectrum scam, the 2010 body politic Games scam and the Adarsh admit cabaret scam, combust dig Scam, digging scandal in Karnataka and cash in for vote scam. A mixing of organisations go been created in India to actively exhort against corrupt government and telephone circuit practices. notable organisations allow in * Bharat Swabhiman confide established by well cognise Yog Guru Swami Ramdev track a large campaign against colour funds and corruption since last 10 years. fifth towboat is most know for the creation of the zero point rupee note, a worthless note designed to be given to corrupt officials when they pass bribes.* India Against Corruption is a bowel movement created by a citizens from a motley of professions and statuses to lop against corruption in India. It is soon headed by Anna Hazare. 67 * Jaago Re sensation one thousand million Votes is an organisation to begin with founded by Tata afternoon tea and Janaagraha to adjoin jejuneness voter registration. 68 They shake up since expand their work to complicate other social issues, including corruption. 69 * affiliation for complaisant Transparency, Rights and sue (ASTRA) is an nongovernmental organization rivet on grass-roots work to raise up corruption in Karnataka. star organisation, the Lok Satta Movement, has alter itself from a genteel organisation to a mature political party, the Lok Satta Party. The party has fielded candidates in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Bangalore. In 2009, it obtained its first select post, whenJayaprakash Narayan won the option for the Kukatpally host Constituency in Andhra Pradesh.